![]() Furthermore, the pictures can be adapted based on cultural differences ( 11). The picture based MIS (PMIS) is a modified version that can be used by even illiterate or low-education individuals. However, the application of this test might be restricted due to minimum literacy level requirement. These advantages make MIS a suitable screening tool. It is highly correlated with Alzheimer’s pathology, takes less than five minutes to perform and can be easily used by trained non-specialists. The memory impairment screen (MIS) test is a brief, four-item, delayed free- and cued-recall test of memory impairment, which was designed and validated by Herman Buschke in 1999. In addition, the majority of those tools are time consuming and not designed for non-specialist use ( 10). One of the major obstacles for dementia care in primary health systems of LMICs is the shortage of validated neuropsychological tools with adjusted cut-points, which are adapted based on population socio-cultural characteristics and literacy level ( 9). Therefore, task-shifting and task-sharing, specifically in LMICs, with primary care services could improve coverage of diagnosis and health care and decrease the burden of disease ( 8). In low and middle income countries, this number is less than 10%. Based on studies, even in most high income countries, only around 50% of people living with dementia receive a diagnosis. The usual approach to dementia care is specialist-based, which cannot provide proper services according to the speed of old age population growth. People with dementia have poor access to appropriate healthcare. Therefore, dementia would be a challenge for the health system during future decades and the only way to decrease the burden of disease would be early detection ( 7). The prevalence of dementia was estimated 7.9% in 2016. It has been estimated that this number will increase to 25.9% by 2060 ( 5, 6). ![]() The results of National population and housing census in 2016 showed that 9.3% of the population was at old age. The elderly population of Iran is growing fast. However, those countries have problems in providing an effective system of social and health care for older individuals ( 4). In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced dementia as a health priority and recommended health systems, especially in LMICs, to provide a sound estimation of the prevalence of dementia in their countries ( 3). There were 50 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2018 and this number will reach 152 million in 2050 ( 2). In this context, cognitive disorders like Dementia are especially significant. As the population becomes old, the rate of age related conditions will be increased. It is estimated that by year 2050 about two billion people will be at age 60 years and older, and about three-quarters of them will reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) ( 1).Īging has an enormous effect on health and health systems. The global population aged 60 years or over was 962 million in 2017. The ageing phenomenon is one of the most significant social transformation around the world. IMIS is a simple reliable screening test in elderly population with variable literacy rates.Īlzheimer’s Disease Validation Assessment Screening Persian Version Illustrated Form of MIS 1.
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